Nā noi Titanium Anode: Hoʻololi hou i nā ʻoihana hou me nā ʻenehana Electrochemical kiʻekiʻe

Introduction
ʻO nā anodes Titanium, i ʻike ʻia ʻo Dimensionally Stable Anodes (DSA), ua puka mai i mea nui i nā ʻōnaehana electrochemical ma muli o ko lākou kūʻokoʻa corrosion, lōʻihi, a me ka catalytic pono. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā waiwai kūʻokoʻa o ka titanium - e like me ka ikaika mechanical kiʻekiʻe, ka paʻa wela, a me ka conductivity - ke hoʻololi nei kēia mau anodes i nā ʻoihana mai ka hana kemika a hiki i ka pale ʻana i ke kaiapuni. Ke ʻimi nei kēia ʻatikala i nā noi like ʻole o nā anodes titanium, e hōʻike ana i kā lākou kuleana i ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka hana hou a me ka hoʻomau.

1. ʻOihana Chlor-Alkali: Ka iwi kuamoʻo o ka hana kemika
Ua hoʻololi hou nā anodes Titanium i ka ʻoihana chlor-alkali ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka graphite kuʻuna a me nā electrodes kumu alakaʻi. ʻO ko lākou hiki ke kū i nā kaiapuni corrosive (e laʻa, brine electrolysis) e hōʻoia i ka hana pono o ka chlorine, sodium hydroxide, a me ke kinoea hydrogen. Loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi nui:

Hoʻokō Paʻa: Mālama ʻo DSA i ka spacing electrode mau, e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu a hiki i ka 20% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā anodes maʻamau.

Ka lōʻihi: Me ke ola ʻana o 5-7 mau makahiki, ʻo nā anodes titanium e hōʻemi i ka manawa haʻahaʻa a me nā kumukūʻai mālama.

Maʻemaʻe: Kāohi i ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o nā electrolytes, e hōʻoia ana i nā huahana hope maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe e like me ke kinoea chlorine a me ka soda caustic.

2. Electroplating a me ka lapaʻau ʻili
I ka electroplating, titanium anodes i uhi ʻia me ka hui ʻana o nā metala oxides (MMO) a i ʻole platinum e hoʻonui i ka like ʻana o ka deposition a me ka pono. Aia nā noi:

Nā ʻāpana hoʻonaninani a me nā hana: Hoʻohana ʻia i ke gula, ke kālā, a me ka pā keleawe no nā mea uila, nā mea nani, a me nā ʻāpana kaʻa.

Electroplating Kiʻekiʻe: Hiki i nā uhi ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa (e laʻa, zinc a i ʻole tin ma ke kila) me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka ikehu.

ʻO ke kūpaʻa ʻino: ʻO ke ʻano non-reactive e pale i ka contamination electrolyte, e hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola ʻauʻau.

3. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa wai ʻino: Ke kūʻē ʻana i ka pollution kaiapuni
He koʻikoʻi ko Titanium anodes i nā ʻenehana hoʻomaʻamaʻa wai ʻino electrochemical kiʻekiʻe:

Ke Kaʻina Hana Electro-Fenton: Hoʻopuka i nā radical hydroxyl (·OH) e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā mea hoʻohaumia kūlohelohe mau i loko o nā effluent ʻoihana.

Electrocatalytic Oxidation: Hoʻohiolo i ka cyanide, nā metala kaumaha, a me nā mea pena i loko o ka textile, ka mining, a me ka wai ʻōpala lāʻau.

Disinfection: Hoʻopuka i ka waika hypochlorous no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka haukapila a me ka wai ʻōpala.

4. Hana ʻia ʻo Hydrogen ma o ka wai Electrolysis
Ke neʻe nei ka honua i ka ikehu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, koʻikoʻi nā anodes titanium i nā electrolyzers no ka hana hydrogen. ʻO kā lākou kiʻekiʻe oxygen evolution reaction (OER) e hōʻemi ana i nā koi ikehu e 10-20%610. Aia nā noi:

Alkaline a me PEM Electrolyzers: Ua uhi ʻia me ka iridium a i ʻole ka ruthenium oxides no ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka hana catalytic69.

Hoʻohui i ka ikehu hou: Kākoʻo i ka hana hydrogen nui me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka makani a i ʻole ka mana lā.

5. Metal Electrowinning a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe
Hiki i nā anodes Titanium ke hoʻoneʻe maikaʻi a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā metala non-ferrous:

Copper, Zinc, and Nickel Recovery: Hoʻohana ʻia i ka electrowinning no ka hana ʻana i nā metala maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe mai nā ores a i ʻole nā pākaukau i hana hou ʻia.

Hoʻemi ʻia nā kumukūʻai o ka ikehu: E hana ana i nā density kiʻekiʻe o kēia manawa (a hiki i 17 A/dm²) i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā anodes graphite.

6. Nā Pūnaehana Palekana Cathodic
I loko o nā papahana kai a me nā ʻoihana, nā anodes titanium e pale i ka corrosion o nā hale i lalo:

Nā Papahana Kūwaho a me nā Pipeline: Hāʻawi i ka pale no ka wā lōʻihi i nā kaiapuni kai.

Paʻa Paʻa: Hoʻonui i ke ola o nā alahaka a me nā hale ma o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka ʻino o ka rebar.

7. Hoʻoponopono Hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka Hoʻomaʻemaʻe
Hoʻohui ʻia nā anodes Titanium i ka hana disinfectant ma ka pūnaewele:

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai ʻauʻau: Hoʻopuka i ka sodium hypochlorite no ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka limu a me ka pathogen.

ʻO ka wai inu wai: Electrolyzes i ka wai paʻakai e hana i ka wai inu palekana ma nā wahi mamao.

Nā Pōmaikaʻi o Titanium Anodes Ma luna o nā Electrodes Kuʻuna
Kū'ē Kū'ē: Kū'ē i nā mea paʻi paʻakikī e like me HCl, H₂SO₄, a me ka wai kai.

ʻO ka ikaika o ka ikehu: Hoʻemi ka overpotential haʻahaʻa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana ma 10-20%.

Palekana Kaiapuni: Hoʻopau i nā mea ʻawaʻawa mai ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā anodes graphite.

Nā Kau a me nā Hana Hou
Ke hoʻonui nei ka noiʻi ʻana i nā noi anode titanium i nā kahua e kū nei:

CO₂ Electroreduction: Ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kalapona kalapona i nā wahie me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā uhi iridium.

ʻO nā Bateri Kiʻekiʻe: Hoʻonui i ka lithium-ion a me ka holo ʻana o ka pākaukau me nā anodes i uhi ʻia me MMO.

Hoʻokele Wai Maikaʻi: ʻO nā ʻōnaehana electrolysis i hoʻohui ʻia ʻo IoT no ka mālama ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai i ka manawa maoli.

Panina
Aia ʻo Titanium anodes i mua o ka hana hou electrochemical, e hāʻawi ana i nā hoʻonā hoʻomau ma waena o nā ʻoihana. ʻO kā lākou hiki ke hoʻololi, kūpono, a me ka pilina pili kaiaola i mea nui i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā pahuhopu kaiapuni a me nā ʻoihana. No nā ʻoihana e ʻimi nei e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā kaʻina hana a i ʻole e hōʻemi i nā kapuaʻi kalapona, ʻo ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i ka ʻenehana anode titanium he hana koʻikoʻi i ka wā e hiki mai ana.